Feudalism did not have such a dominant impact in Spain and Italy as it had in North West Europe. Both these lands had unique factors which affected the conduct of warfare. In 1050, more than half of the Iberian peninsula was under the rule of Islamic states, an area known as Andalusia. After the demise of the Umayyad Caliphate in 1031, Andalusia was divided into several small Muslim states, known as the Taifa emirates. The Taifas often fought amongst themselves, leaving them unable to match the larger Christian Kingdom of Castile that was created in 1037 with the absorption of the Kingdom of Leon. This was the true start of the Christian Reconquista that would not be completed until 1492. To help stem the Christian onslaught, in 1086 the Taifa Emir of Seville invited the Murabit Berbers of North Africa to enter Spain. This did not work as planned for the Taifas, for after defeating the Castilians at the Battle of Sagrajas, the Murabits quickly incorporated most of the Taifa emirates into their empire. The Murabit empire was taken over in 1147 by a rival Berber sect, the Almohads. These events were a severe setback for the Spanish Christian kingdoms, but they recovered to win a great victory over the Almohads at Las Navas De Tolosa in 1212, which broke the power of the Muslims in Spain forever. Soon only the emirate of Granada was left, but as a vassal of Castile. Throughout the period there was also frequent fighting between states of the same religion, and Muslim and Christian warriors often had few qualms about serving princes of a different religion. In Northern Italy the big cities had always tried to maintain a degree of independence, and often fought vigorously against the attempts of the Holy Roman Emperor to enforce his authority over them. They grew increasingly wealthy on trade, and by the end of the 11th century their city militias had become the mainstay of Italian armies, eclipsing the role of the feudal knights. In 1176 the northern Italian cities formed the Lombard League, and won a great victory over Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa at the Battle of Legnano. This was a part of the Wars of the Guelfs and Ghibellines. The Papacy and the Empire had initially quarrelled over who had the right to appoint church officials, this was known as the “Investiture Controversy”. The Ghibellines were those who supported the Holy Roman Emperor, while the Guelfs were the party supporting the Pope. Even though the Investiture Controversy was resolved in 1122, the conflict between the Papacy and the Empire, and the Guelfs and Ghibellines, carried on for hundreds of years. In Southern Italy, the Normans rose from humble mercenaries to conquer the whole of southern Italy and establish the great kingdom of Sicily, after conquering the island from the Arabs. After the line of Norman kings ended, when William II died without male heirs, the throne passed to the Imperial German Hohenstaufen dynasty. In 1266, the Pope encouraged Charles of Anjou to attack the Hohenstaufens, and after victory at the battle of Benevento he seized the kingdom for himself. 20 more nations and factions covering Spain, Italy and North Africa from 1040 AD to 1270 AD. These include Andalusians, Almohads, Arabs, Aragonese, Byzantine Catapanate of Italy, Castilians/Leónese, Catalans, Granadines, Hafsids, Italian Guelfs, Italian Ghibellines, Italo-Normans, Lombards, Marinids, Murabits, Navarrese, Papal, Portuguese, the Kingdom of Sicily and Tuaregs. Each of these has their own historically accurate banner. 41 more units, allowing the troops of all of the new factions to be accurately represented. 45 more army lists allowing historically realistic armies for each of the above factions and their allies at different dates during the period, and bringing the total number of Medieval army lists to 103. In addition armies can include contingents from historical allies. This gives more than fifty thousand permutations. You will never run out of new matchups to try. 8 more historical scenarios covering key engagements of the period on an epic scale. These include Monte Maggiore 1041, Civitate 1053, Cabra 1079, Sagrajas 1086, Legnano 1176, Las Navas De Tolosa 1212, Montaperti 1260 and Benevento 1266. 33 more historical matchups added to Quick Battle mode, increasing the total to 98, playable from either side. 4 more historically-based campaigns covering major leaders and conflicts of the era: El Cid, Muhammad II of Granada, Normans in the South and Frederick II Hohenstaufen. Sandbox campaign expanded to include all the new army lists, allowing you to lead any nation (and their historical allies) against any other nation (and their allies) – giving thousands of permutations.
Experience the hit World War 2 real-time strategy game for the first time in full 3D glory, expanding on all strategic and tactical options. Command joint operations of naval, land-based and airborne units on the largest maps in the series. Newcomers and veterans alike will be right at home with an innovative user interface and improved AI.Features Huge variety of landscapes, sceneries and destructable environment fully detailed in 3D Massive operations on huge maps of several square kilometers More than 300 tanks, ships, soldiers, guns and aircraft in historically accurate 3D reproduction Use an advanced AI to help command your massive army Realistic lines of sight, projectile ranges and impressive visual effects simulated in real-time Five campaigns for American, British, German, Imperial Japanese and Soviet Russian Armies Contains "Sudden Strike 3: Arms to Victory" and "Sudden Strike: The Last Stand" sequel Contains map editor for user-generated maps and missionsOther recommended games from Kalypso Media
Встать в строй, солдат! «Commandos 3: выпуск в HD» — это игра, в которой вы попадете в Европу и вступите в жестокие бои. Сражайтесь в смертоносных окопах Сталинграда, одолейте фанатичного противника в сердце Третьего Рейха в Берлине и призовите на помощь все свои знания о тактике, чтобы выжить во время высадки в Нормандии. Это третий переработанный выпуск заслужившей отличные отзывы тактической игры в реальном времени. В нём вам предстоит возглавить спецотряд свирепых бойцов, которые действуют в тылу врага во время Второй Мировой. Помогите союзникам достичь победы! Игра доступна в высоком разрешении; управление и пользовательский интерфейс улучшены.Зеленый берет рекомендует игры Kalypso Media
It’s time to get nautical - the future of Tropico lies on its shores! Harness the vast potential of the sea by constructing waterborne structures around your island. Build brand new off-shore alternatives to defence, food, energy, entertainment and even housing – which each come with their own set of opportunities and disadvantages. Organise and coordinate transport to structures like the kelp and oyster farms, construct tidal power plants as an eco-friendly alternative to nuclear power and build gorgeous floating apartments if you’re running out of space on the island! Launch military submarines to bolster your naval forces or create an exotic bathysphere attraction to compliment your bustling tourist paradise. The ‘Waterborne’ expansion for Tropico 5 comes with a slew of new gameplay features and enhancements: such as water traffic, larger coastal areas and new events to keep even the most seasoned island rulers on their toes. An all-new campaign spanning 6 epic scenarios, new dialogue and story shows what marine life is all about in the waters of Tropico. Meet the beloved cast and crew of Tropico 5 once again and experience all-new wacky adventures, outrageous situations and enjoy the trademark cutting sense of political humour. All the new content and off-shore gameplay mechanics work with existing sandbox maps and multiplayer modes. Waterborne Expansion Features: New campaign and story spanning 6 challenging missions 9 new off-shore buildings and marine vehicles 4 new island maps (also available for sandbox games) 4 new music tracks 2 new avatar costumes 6 new avatar accessories New sandbox tasks and events to go with the waterborne setting
